Fundamentals-Introduction of computer

 Computer Fundamentals, that will help you succeed in the upcoming exam.

Computer:  

A computer is a truly amazing machine that performs a specified sequence of operations as per the set of instructions (known as programs) given on a set of data (input) to generate desired information (output).

Computer is an electronic Machine that accepts data using input device then store and processes them to generate desired  output.

A complete computer system consists of four parts:

• Hardware: Hardware represents the physical and tangible components of the computer.
• Software: Software is a set of electronic instructions consisting of complex codes (Programs) that make the computer perform tasks.
• User: The computer operators are known as users.
• Data: Consists of raw facts, which the computer stores and reads in the form of numbers.
• The following features characterize this electronic machine:
  • Speed
  • Accuracy
  • Storage and Retrieval
  • Repeated Processing Capabilities
  • Reliability
  • Flexibility
  • Low cost 
  These three steps constitute the data processing cycle.
  
  • Input -Input data is prepared in some convenient form for processing. The form will depend on the processing machine. For example, when electronic computers are used, the input data could be recorded on any one of several types of input medium, such as magnetic disks, tapes and so on.
  • Processing - In this step input data is changed to produce data in a more useful form. For example, paychecks may be calculated from the time cards, or a summary of sales for the month may be calculated from the sales orders.
  • Output - The result of the proceeding processing step are collected. The particular form of the output data depends on the use of the data. For example, output data may be pay-checks for employees.